Dadaists, Futurists, Constructivism and de Stijl

Dadaists were very philosophical. They added poetry to their design style. They were most commonly recognized for inventing photomontage, a photo experiment that included a wide-variety of photographs.

According to Gardner, this movement was more of experimentation and a reaction to all past influential movements. Many of the strong Dadaists eventually merged later to become surrealists in the 1920s.

Similarly, the Futurists are closely related to the Dada movement. Many Futurists were also poets and had talented skills in the design world. During the turn of the 20th century, conflict emerged. With this generation of artists rose an ideology of supporting war, the machine age and were fascinated with technology. When religion and morality were declining.

Creative use of shutter speed with cameras was introduced to add interesting movements with blur and slow motion.

Constructivism was introduced in Russia that contained an ideology for politics. In the constructivism movement, Bauhaus School was commonly used and became the center for design. Bauhaus was established in 1919 in Germany. The curriculum covered the arts: design, architecture, painting and photography. The Bauhaus style was simple, which was reflected in their architecture and design.

A movement that was inspired by Bauhaus was the de Stijl or “the style.” This movement was reflected of the horrified reaction of World War 1. de Stijl has left one of the most lasting impressions on graphic communication. The grid was adopted to become essential in print design.